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Published on: 2015-12-27
Released on: 2015-12-27
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RICHELIEU, although a bishop and a cardinal, was not a great theologian, nor was he in the narrowest sense a great churchman. Many of his contemporaries, endowed with far less dignity and authority, yet exercised an incomparably more distinct and vital influence on the religious life of his time than he can claim to have done. Still his career is coincident with a very important epoch in the history of the French Church, and both in his actions and in his Memoirs he shows a very keen interest in ecclesiastical matters, and a very vivid sense of their importance to the order and wellbeing of the state. Possibly his interest was rather that of the politician than of the ecclesiastic, but it was none the less real, nor was the influence which he could not fail to possess diminished because he himself was lacking in spiritual insight or because his motives were rather secular than religious. These considerations make it impossible, even in a brief sketch like the present, to dismiss his relations with the Church in a brief and perfunctory paragraph. The sixteenth century had witnessed two of the greatest religious movements in history. The first was the Reformation, by which a number of states, mostly in Northern Europe, threw off all dependence upon Rome, and adopted religious doctrines and organisation more or less at variance with those which had hitherto prevailed throughout Western Christendom. By the second or Counter Reformation, the Roman Catholic Church profited by the lessons it had received, reformed the abuses which had provoked discontent and rebellion, and strengthened its internal organisation in order not only to prevent further defections, but also to recover some of the ground that had been lost. This reforming movement, which was immensely stimulated by the efforts of the Jesuit order, found its final expression in the decrees of the Council of Trent. But although France was represented at Trent, and although the doctrinal definitions of the council were welcomed, yet those decrees which touched the constitution of the Church and restored discipline were never accepted or promulgated in France. There were two primary motives for this repudiation of the chief measures of reform. The crown contended that the conciliar decrees diminished the authority and patronage conferred upon the kings by the Concordat of 1516. The Parliament of Paris complained that they would destroy the liberties of the Gallican Church, which had always been dear to the official classes since their first definition in the Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges in 1438… Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu Wikipdia Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu dit le cardinal de Richelieu cardinal-duc de Richelieu et duc de Fronsac est un ecclsiastique et homme d'tat n le 9 ... Tim Curry - IMDb Tim Curry Actor: The Rocky Horror Picture Show. Timothy James Curry was born on April 19 1946 in Grappenhall Cheshire England. His mother Maura Patricia ... CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Cardinal Richelieu - NEW ADVENT Armand-Jean du Plessis Duke de Richelieu. Help support New Advent and get the full contents of this website as an instant download. Includes the Catholic ... The Three Musketeers (1973) - IMDb Directed by Richard Lester. With Oliver Reed Raquel Welch Richard Chamberlain Michael York. A young swordsman comes to Paris and faces villains romance adventure ... Biographie Cardinal de Richelieu - L'Internaute 1610. 13 mai. Richelieu invente le couteau de table Le cardinal de Richelieu agac par les gens qui se curent les dents avec la pointe du couteau table fait ... Cardinal Richelieu - Wikipedia His Grand Eminence Armand-Jean du Plessis Cardinal de Richelieu; Cardinal Bishop of Luon Richelieu - Wikipedia People. Armand-Jean du Plessis (15851642) better known in English-speaking countries as Cardinal Richelieu a Cardinal of the Catholic Church Duke of Richelieu ... Armand Jean du Plessis de Richelieu Wikipedia Armand-Jean du Plessis de Richelieu fdd 9 september 1585 i Paris dd 4 december 1642 i Paris [1] var en fransk statsman och knd som "den rde eminensen" [2] [3] Characters Dogtanian.net Characters. Dogtanian; Athos; Aramis; Porthos; Juliette; Pip; Monsieur de Treville; Richelieu; Rochefort; Widimer; Milady; Dogtanian. Our hero Dogtanian is a brave ... Monty Python - Court Scene - YouTube from Monty Python's Flying Circus Season 1 - Episode 03 How To Recognize Different Types Of Tree From Quite A Long Way Away Recorded 14-08-69 Aired 19-10 ...
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